About Wave
Wave is a post-quantum signature scheme based on hard problems in coding theory.
Performance
Signature length and verification speed results for Wave instances. Timings count millions of cycles used on average by the (non-optimized) reference implementation, running on an Intel Core i5-1135G7 platform at 2.40GHz. See the Supporting Documentation for more detailed figures.
| Wave instance | Wave[822] | Wave[1249] | Wave[1644] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Post-quantum security target | Level I | Level III | Level V |
| Signature length (Bytes) | 822 | 1249 | 1644 |
| Public key size (Bytes) | 3,677,390 | 7,867,598 | 13,632,308 |
| Key generation (MCycles) | 14,468 | 47,222 | 108,642 |
| Signing (MCycles) | 1,161 | 3,507 | 7,397 |
| Verification (MCycles) | 205.8 | 464.1 | 813.3 |
| Verification2 (MCycles) | 1.231 | 2.580 | 4.329 |
2Verification with a pre-loaded, bitsliced public key, avoiding conversion from transport format.
Supporting Documentation
The supporting documentation of Wave can be found here.
Implementation
Our code is written in pure portable C99, and not optimized for any specific architecture. It does not take advantage of vectorization like Intel AVX instructions. The code is available in the GitHub repository.
Known Answer Tests - KAT
We provide the KAT in 3 files for each instance.
Wave822 - PQCsignKAT_18900.rsp (700Mb) - Sha256sum:
ace94f3e8e1f692632758decb5471e7408bb7669f4d3a59647046e20bb0404b5
Wave1249 - PQCsignKAT_27629.rsp (1.6Gb) - Sha256sum:
75e85be5bdcf30fcbdc898ee7d84a2475cf917af06c1349eb9ded34605798e17
Wave1644 - PQCsignKAT_36359.rsp (2.9Gb) - Sha256sum:
e67a83c9abdf143b4ab01ff5f2692d54534a3de1c3943165d907f077cee07356
Authors
- Banegas, Gustavo
Qualcomm, France - Carrier, Kévin
CY Cergy-Paris University, France - Chailloux, André
Inria, France - Couvreur, Alain
Inria, and Laboratoire d'Informatique de l'École polytechnique (LIX), France - Debris-Alazard, Thomas
Inria, and LIX, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France - Gaborit, Philippe
University of Limoges, France
- Karpman, Pierre
University of Grenoble, France - Loyer, Johanna
Inria, France - Niederhagen, Ruben
Academia Sinica, Taiwan, and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark - Sendrier, Nicolas
Inria, France - Smith, Benjamin
Inria, and LIX, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France - Tillich, Jean-Pierre
Inria, France
Related Works
-
Nicolas Sendrier
Wave Parameter Selection -
Gustavo Banegas, Thomas Debris-Alazard, Milena Nedeljković, and Benjamin Smith
Wavelet: code-based postquantum signatures with fast verification on microcontrollers -
André Chailloux and Thomas Debris-Alazard
Tight and optimal reductions for signatures based on average trapdoor preimage sampleable functions and applications to code-based signatures -
Thomas Debris-Alazard, Nicolas Sendrier, and Jean-Pierre Tillich
Wave: a new family of trapdoor one-way preimage sampleable functions based on codes -
Rémi Bricout, André Chailloux, Thomas Debris-Alazard, and Matthieu Lequesne
Ternary syndrome decoding with large weights
Contact
The Wave team can be reached via email: wave-contact@inria.fr
Postal Address:
Inria Saclay
1 Rue Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves
91120 Palaiseau, France